Welcome to our CMMC FAQ series, where you’ll find expert answers to your questions about certification, logistics, assessments, and preparing for your Level 2 audit.

CMMC 101: Who needs it and how it works

1. How can I tell if I will need CMMC? 

2. Can I get CMMC certified if I’m a cloud service provider? 

3. Can I self-attest to level 2? 

4. Is the assessment for level 2 certification pass/fail or can I carry POAMs? 

Data breaches and cybersecurity threats aren’t just headaches — they’re potential business killers. To safeguard sensitive information and stand apart in a crowded marketplace, companies are increasingly turning to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 compliance. But what exactly is ISO 27001, and why does it matter? More importantly, how can achieving compliance give your business a competitive edge? 

This blog explores the fundamentals of ISO 27001 compliance, its benefits for organizations, and how it positions your business as a leader in both security and trust. 

What is ISO 27001? 

The foundation of information security  

ISO 27001 is an internationally recognized standard for information security management systems (ISMS). Published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in partnership with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), this standard outlines a systematic approach to managing sensitive data. Its goal is to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. 

Key components of ISO 27001 compliance 

ISO 27001 requirements don’t just focus on one aspect of security — they provide a comprehensive framework that includes: 

• Risk assessment and management: Identifying, analyzing, and addressing information security risks.  

• Policies and procedures: Implementing structured policies for securing information and managing incidents.  

• Continuous improvement: Ensuring security practices evolve to meet current threats.  

• Compliance requirements: Aligning with regulatory and contractual obligations.  

By adopting ISO 27001, businesses commit to maintaining robust security systems that extend across people, processes, and technology. 

Benefits of ISO 27001 compliance 

Improved security posture  

The primary benefit of ISO 27001 compliance is, of course, stronger security. Data breaches cost companies an average of $4.88 million according to IBM’s Cost of a Data Breach Report 2024. Implementing a management system like ISO 27001 can decrease the likelihood of data breaches by proactively identifying and mitigating risks. 

With a structured ISMS, you establish clear guidelines for managing threats, avoiding unauthorized access, and minimizing potential damages. This not only protects your organization but also safeguards the data of customers and stakeholders. 

Enhanced customer trust with ISO 27001 compliance 

Modern consumers require more than products and services. They want assurance that their data is in trustworthy hands. Research consistently shows that customers are more likely to do business with companies that prioritize data security.  

ISO 27001 compliance acts as a badge of trustworthiness. It’s a clear, verifiable signal to your partners, vendors, and clients that you take information security seriously. This commitment helps your organization build ongoing loyalty and credibility.  

Competitive advantage  

When every business is vying for attention, ISO 27001 compliance is a powerful differentiator. Many organizations include ISO 27001 compliance as a prerequisite for partnership. By being ISO 27001-certified, you expand your access to new markets and clients with high compliance standards, leaving competitors behind.  

It also future proofs your business against evolving security regulations. This positions your business as a forward-thinking partner that is prepared to meet industry challenges. 

Streamlined operations 

A less obvious but equally important benefit is operational efficiency. Earning ISO 27001 certification involves carefully evaluating and streamlining processes. This eliminates redundancies and reduces inefficiencies. Plus, improved processes along the way can lead to cost savings.  

Additionally, the proactive approach to risk management saves money by reducing the chances of costly breaches or fines for non-compliance. 

ISO 27001 as a differentiator  

Industry leadership  

ISO 27001 compliance doesn’t just showcase technical expertise, it signals leadership. Organizations across industries, from healthcare and finance to SaaS and e-commerce, place immense value on security. Certification can make your business stand out as an industry leader, particularly in sectors where trust is paramount. 

Meeting customer demands  

Businesses aren’t the only ones paying attention to security certifications. Consumers increasingly expect companies to demonstrate responsibility for their personal data. Highlighting ISO 27001 compliance in your marketing materials or business presentations can be a deciding factor for prospective customers. 

Building resilience in a digital economy  

Cybersecurity isn’t an expense, it’s an investment. ISO 27001 equips your organization with the tools to handle and recover quickly from crises, enhancing business continuity. This kind of resilience inspires confidence in your stakeholders and distinguishes your business from those left vulnerable in the face of digital threats. 

The future of business success  

ISO 27001 compliance also plays a role in shaping the future of your company, not just meeting present-day expectations. By reinforcing a security-first culture within your organization, you ensure scalable and sustainable growth. It helps pave the way for digital transformation and innovation without compromising security. 

The path to ISO 27001 compliance  

Pursuing ISO 27001 might seem daunting, but the rewards far outweigh the effort. The ISO 27001 certification process requires significant planning and dedication, but resources and experts simplify the process. Use them! 

Steps toward compliance: 

1. Evaluate current security measures – Use gap analysis to assess whether your current processes align with ISO requirements.  

2. Develop an ISMS – Implement the policies and procedures required by the standard.  

3. Train your team – Build internal awareness and ensure that employees understand the significance of compliance.  

4. Engage an accredited auditor – Verify compliance through a third-party audit to achieve certification. 

The result is a certification that not only elevates your security posture but also strengthens trust, efficiency, and business opportunities. 

Why your business can’t ignore ISO 27001  

Data is the lifeblood of modern business. Securing that data is no longer just a best practice; it’s a business necessity. ISO 27001 offers a proven framework for achieving security while simultaneously strengthening your brand image and unlocking new opportunities.  

Whether you’re looking to enhance your security posture, build trust among customers, or gain a competitive advantage, ISO 27001 compliance sets your organization on the right path. If you’re ready to distinguish your business as a security leader, start exploring ISO 27001 and contact A-LIGN today. Your customers, partners, and future self will thank you for it. 

Navigating the complex world of security compliance frameworks can feel overwhelming, especially for federal contractors. CMMC and FedRAMP are two of the most prominent frameworks designed to secure sensitive data, but figuring out which is right for your organization can be challenging. 

Both frameworks support government cybersecurity initiatives, but they serve different purposes and target specific types of organizations. This blog will explain CMMC and FedRAMP (as well as FedRAMP equivalency) to help you determine which one your organization should pursue. 

What is CMMC? 

CMMC stands for Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification. Launched by the U.S. Department of Defense, it’s a framework created to protect Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) or Federal Contract Information (FCI) on unclassified contractor information systems.  

CMMC is designed to validate that defense contractors are meeting the security requirements currently outlined in DFARS 252.204-7012 through third-party validation. 

CMMC establishes three compliance levels, each corresponding to an increasing level of cybersecurity maturity: 

Level 1 – Foundational   

Level 1 is focused on basic cybersecurity hygiene. There are 15 requirements for Level 1 which are pulled from NIST 800-171 Rev 2. This level applies to companies that handle only Federal Contract Information (FCI). 

Level 2 – Advanced   

Level 2 assesses compliance to requirements aligned with NIST 800-1717 Rev 2. This level is for contractors that store, transmit or process controlled unclassified information (CUI). 

Level 3 – Expert   

Level 3 is designed for critical companies handling sensitive, high-risk information. It involves Level 2 NIST SP 800-171 Rev 2 requirements in addition to practices based on a subset of NIST SP 800-172. 

CMMC ensures that contractors in the DoD supply chain can protect defense-related sensitive data from cyber threats. If your company operates in the DIB, compliance with the applicable CMMC level is mandatory. 

Who needs CMMC? 

Does your organization provide goods or services to the Department of Defense? If you handle Federal Contract Information (FCI) or Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI), you’ll need to comply with CMMC requirements. Another way to know if you need CMMC is if the DFARS 252.204-7012 contract clause appears in your federal contracts. 

What is FedRAMP? 

FedRAMP stands for Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program, an initiative launched in 2011 by the U.S. government. Its primary goal is to ensure consistent cloud service security across all federal agencies. FedRAMP provides a standardized approach for assessing, monitoring, and authorizing cloud products and services, eliminating redundant security reviews and boosting operational efficiency. 

To align with FedRAMP requirements, cloud service providers must meet the given FedRAMP control baseline based on what federal data is stored, transmitted, or processed in their cloud product. From there, organizations will need to undergo a rigorous security assessment to obtain an Authorization to Operate (ATO). 

FedRAMP authorization encompasses four types: 

• FedRAMP Tailored for low impact SaaS providers 

• FedRAMP Low for services managing low-impact data 

• FedRAMP Moderate for services handling controlled and unclassified data 

• FedRAMP High for systems managing highly sensitive government data 

FedRAMP applies to all cloud service providers working with federal agencies outside of DoD operations. For CSPs that work with DoD agencies, there is a similar process going through DISA for Authorization with their agencies. 

Who needs FedRAMP? 

If your business offers cloud products or services (like data storage, SaaS platforms, or software hosting) to civilian federal agencies, FedRAMP authorization is a must. Examples of businesses that need FedRAMP include: 

• SaaS companies supplying compliance platforms to federal agencies 

• Cloud storage providers managing federal records 

• Application developers with government contracts 

Sometimes the requirements overlap or co-mingle. Here’s where FedRAMP equivalency comes in. 

What is FedRAMP Equivalency? 

FedRAMP Moderate Equivalency, often referred to as FedRAMP Equivalency, derives from DFARS clause 252.204-7012. It provides a pathway for DoD prime and subcontractors to use cloud service offerings to process, store, and transmit covered defense information. The contract clause reads: 

“If the Contractor intends to use an external cloud service provider to store, process, or transmit any covered defense information in performance of this contract, the Contractor shall require and ensure that the cloud service provider meets security requirements equivalent to those established by the Government for the Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program” 

When the CMMC 32 CFR rule was published, it stated that cloud service providers storing, transmitting, or processing CUI within their cloud environment must meet FedRAMP Moderate or Equivalent standard. 

The DoD released a memo that defines FedRAMP Equivalency. According to this memo, organizations are deemed FedRAMP Moderate Equivalent if they meet all the FedRAMP Moderate Baseline security requirements, get assessed by a 3PAO, and submit a body of evidence proving as such.  

Determining which framework applies to your business 

Does your business require CMMC? 

• Are you a contractor or subcontractor for the DoD? 

• Do you handle Federal Contract Information (FCI) or Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)? 

• Is your work tied to national security or defense-related data? 

• Do you have the DFARS 252.204-7012 contract clause in existing contracts? 

If the answer to any of these questions is “yes,” then CMMC compliance is essential.  

Does your business require FedRAMP? 

• Do you sell cloud-based solutions to federal government civilian agencies? 

• Does your platform store, process, or transmit government data?  

If so, FedRAMP compliance applies. 

Do you need FedRAMP equivalency? 

• Do you provide a cloud service offering (i.e. SaaS platform) to defense contractors that use it to store, transmit, or process CUI? 

If yes, you are required to have FedRAMP Moderate ATO or Equivalent. If you don’t have or don’t plan to get FedRAMP authorization, then FedRAMP Equivalency will be required. 

Do you need both CMMC and FedRAMP? 

Some organizations will meet the requirements for both CMMC and FedRAMP. There is no reciprocity between the two frameworks, but there are areas of overlap that can lead to efficiencies in the assessment processes. 

How to decide which compliance framework is right for you 

When choosing between CMMC, FedRAMP, or FedRAMP equivalency, think about your: 

• Client base: Are your contracts with the Department of Defense, federal civilian agencies, DoD contractors or some combination of the three? Start here to narrow your focus. 

• Core business model: Does your company operate in cloud technology, manufacturing, or service delivery? Your business activities determine which framework aligns with your operations. 

• Data flow: What types of data do you handle as part of fulfillment of contracts? Where all the data flow within your organization or externally? 

If you’re still unsure which compliance path is right for your business, partnering with experts in cybersecurity frameworks can simplify things. 

The bottom line on CMMC vs. FedRAMP 

Whether you decide on CMMC, FedRAMP, or a combined approach, meeting compliance requirements isn’t just about checking boxes. It’s about building trust, protecting sensitive information, and maintaining operational integrity. Consider your business model, customer base, and future goals to make an informed decision. 

A-LIGN is a top FedRAMP assessor and has completed over 1,000 federal assessments. As a 3PAO and C3PAO, A-LIGN can help your organization with CMMC, FedRAMP, FedRAMP Equivalency and other federal assessments. Contact our team to learn more. 

SAN FRANCISCO – April 29, 2025 – A-LIGN, the leading provider in cybersecurity compliance, is excited to announce its recognition with two 2025 Global InfoSec Awards: Trailblazing in AI Security and Compliance and Best Service as a Cybersecurity Service Provider. This is the fourth consecutive year A-LIGN has been recognized by the Global InfoSec Awards. 

“A-LIGN’S core commitment to outstanding quality service is of utmost importance,” said Scott Price, CEO of A-LIGN. “A-LIGN delivers the highest-quality, most efficient audit experience in the industry through its people and technology. We’ve also remained at the cutting edge of new technology, and the recognition for trailblazing in the AI Compliance space is a testament to innovating continually as a business to meet the needs of a changing market. This award recognizes A-LIGN’s position as a leader in the market that sets the standard for first-class audits. It’s an honor to be honored along the way as we work to elevate the industry.” 

The annual Global InfoSec Awards from Cyber Defense Magazine, the industry’s leading electronic information security magazine, highlight innovators in the information security field with compelling and unique perspectives. These awards are presented at the annual RSA Conference in San Francisco. 

“We scoured the globe looking for cybersecurity innovators that could make a huge difference and potentially help turn the tide against the exponential growth in cyber-crime.  A-LIGN is absolutely worthy of these coveted awards and consideration for deployment in your environment,” said Yan Ross, Global Editor of Cyber Defense Magazine. 

To view the complete list of winners, visit www.cyberdefenseawards.com. 

About A-LIGN  

A-LIGN is the leading provider of high-quality, efficient cybersecurity compliance programs. Combining experienced auditors and audit management technology, A-LIGN provides the widest breadth and depth of services including SOC 2, ISO 27001, HITRUST, FedRAMP, and PCI. A-LIGN is the number one issuer of SOC 2 and HITRUST and a top three FedRAMP assessor. For more information, visit a-lign.com. 

About the Global InfoSec Awards 

This is Cyber Defense Magazine’s thirteenth year of honoring InfoSec innovators from around the Globe. Our submission requirements are for any startup, early stage, later stage, or public companies in the INFORMATION SECURITY (INFOSEC) space who believe they have a unique and compelling value proposition for their product or service. Learn more at www.cyberdefenseawards.com. 

How do you measure the effectiveness of your cybersecurity program? Ask this question of a dozen CISOs and you’ll likely get twelve different answers. That’s because there’s no one-size-fits-all approach to measuring security but a penetration test plays into the most effective cybersecurity strategies. 

While there may not be a single “right” way of measuring your cybersecurity program, one thing is for certain: creating and maintaining a strong cybersecurity posture requires a tactical and proactive mindset. And one of the best ways to stay a step ahead of clever threat actors is to simulate realistic network attacks with a penetration test, frequently referred to as a “pen test.” 

This method of ethical hacking is designed to test the information security safeguards in place at your organization. By doing so, you gain insight into existing vulnerabilities or gaps in your cybersecurity program that could lead to a data breach or security incident. 

Why pen tests? 

Cybersecurity breaches can disrupt operations, damage reputations, and lead to costly fines or lawsuits. Penetration testing serves as a preventative measure, helping organizations identify and address potential weaknesses. 

We recommend that any organization that has a web application conduct regulation penetration tests. Running an application where customers are inputting data and not testing it is irresponsible. Here’s why pen tests are vital: 

Identifying vulnerabilities before attackers do  

Hackers are constantly developing new methods and tools to exploit weaknesses in networks, applications, and systems. Regular penetration tests expose vulnerabilities such as misconfigured firewalls, outdated software, or weak authentication protocols, allowing you to fix them before attackers can take advantage. By conducting penetration tests, your organization can reduce its attack surface and make fully informed decisions about improving security. 

Protecting sensitive data and maintaining customer trust  

Data breaches don’t just compromise internal operations—they impact customers too. When personal data is exposed, it erodes customer trust and loyalty. High-profile breaches, like those targeting major retailers or financial institutions, often lead to public fallout and declining customer confidence.  

Pen testing ensures weaknesses in systems handling sensitive information, such as credit card numbers, health records, or proprietary data, are proactively identified and mitigated. This practice also reinforces your reputation as a business dedicated to security and professionalism. 

Meeting compliance requirements and avoiding penalties  

Regulations like GDPR, HIPAA, PCI DSS, and ISO 27001 often require companies to conduct regular penetration tests. Compliance ensures your business adheres to stringent security requirements and avoids costly penalties associated with data breaches or non-compliance.  

For example: 

• GDPR fines can reach €20 million or 4% of annual turnover, whichever is higher. 

• Companies out of compliance with PCI DSS could face fines between $5,000 and $100,000 per month.  

Regular penetration testing not only satisfies regulatory obligations but also demonstrates security due diligence to customers, partners, and investors. 

Improving incident response capabilities  

Penetration tests don’t just uncover vulnerabilities—they refine your ability to respond to potential attacks. They can simulate real threats to evaluate how your incident response team performs under pressure. By identifying weaknesses in your response plans, you can fine-tune and strengthen them to minimize damage in the future. 

Bad actors are growing in complexity 

Attackers are growing in size and complexity, making it all the more likely that they could target your company. Consider just a few high-profile data breaches from 2024: 

• Change Healthcare experienced a ransomware attack in February 2024 in which it allegedly paid attackers a $22 million ransom to gain access to its systems, which were restored over a month later. Attackers targeted a Citrix remote access portal that did not require multi-factor authentication. The attack resulted in major pharmacy chains and other healthcare organizations facing disruptions for multiple days when it came to billing, prescribing medication, and health claims. 

• In May 2024, Ticketmaster disclosed a cyberattack that exposed customer information, payment details, and personal data to hackers. Attackers listed a batch of 560 million Ticketmaster customers for sale on the dark web for $500,000 one week after the attack. 

• The medical insurance information of 954,000 people was exposed by a data breach at Young Consulting in April 2024. The software company experienced technical difficulties within its computer environment and later determined that an unauthorized actor gained access to its network for three days leading up to those difficulties and downloaded copies of files. 

These breaches expose customer data, shut down internal systems, and cause loss of trust among customers. 

Why should organizations invest in a pen test? 

A well-executed pen test offers your team insights into weak and exploitable points within the organization, and how to remediate them to increase your security posture. 

• Benefits of conducting regular pen tests include: 

• Assessing your organization’s information security of technologies, systems and people (social engineering) 

• Identifying vulnerabilities in your security posture before attackers do 

• Helping your organization achieve and maintain compliance 

• Giving your team insight into your organization’s true threat surface from an external hacker’s or rogue insider’s perspective 

While certain compliance frameworks require an organization to conduct a pen test once a year, the reality is that new attack vectors pop up constantly. That’s why an annual pen test likely isn’t enough to ensure your organization is well protected against the latest threats. Additional assessments, like a ransomware preparedness assessment, continuous scanning or vulnerability assessments are often important ways to continue to stress test your organization’s cyber resilience. 

Ransomware preparedness assessment 

Ransomware attacks are more prevalent than ever, with bad actors demanding large sums of money to release their hold on organizations and their data. At A-LIGN, we offer a ransomware preparedness assessment, which includes a comprehensive review of your infrastructure and processes, real-world ransomware simulations, and a full pen test, all with the goal of reducing the likelihood that your organization will fall victim to this type of attack. 

Vulnerability assessment 

Every organization today, regardless of size or industry, is adding new endpoints and constantly provisioning new software. This emphasizes why making scheduled vulnerability scans an important part of every security program. Our vulnerability assessment scans map out threat surfaces and known weaknesses for your team before malicious actors can take advantage of them. 

Worth noting is that a vulnerability assessment is a means of detection; it tests an organization’s network and systems for known vulnerabilities. When paired with a pen test—which takes a preventative approach—you increase your visibility into weak spots and gaps across your network. This enables organizations to take a more proactive approach to enhancing their security posture. 

What type of pen test is right for my organization? 

A comprehensive pen test should examine all relevant facets of your cybersecurity controls. At A-LIGN, there are six different components of our pen tests: 

Network layer testing: We perform network layer testing using a comprehensive (host-by-host or port-by-port) or targeted (goal-driven) approach. 

Web application testing: Our team profiles and targets weaknesses that are inherent in the development of proprietary and custom web applications. Our web application testing includes an in-depth manual review of vulnerabilities designed in the OWASP Top 10 and the SANS Top 20. 

Mobile application testing: We use tooling and years of professional experience to capture traffic, analyze your application, and exploit weaknesses and misconfigurations often found in iOS and Android. For this we utilize the OWASP Top 10 for Mobile. 

Wireless network testing: We perform a detailed analysis of your organization’s wireless infrastructure using innovative tooling and proprietary tactics. 

Email phishing, phone vishing, and facility penetration testing: Whether you want to assess how susceptible your organization is to advanced entry tactics or want to evaluate employee security awareness, we’ll create a customized assessment to meet your testing goals. 

Ready to schedule your pen test? 

Pen tests are an important part of any risk management strategy. As attackers grow in size and complexity, there’s no better time to schedule a pen test to ensure your organization is protected against the latest threats. 

A-LIGN’s OSEE, OSCE, and OSCP-certified pen testers emulate the techniques of actual attackers. We will create scenarios and strategies unique to your organization in an attempt to breach your networks and applications, with the ultimate goal of helping you improve your security posture. Ready to get started? Contact us today. your organization in an attempt to breach your networks and applications, with the ultimate goal of helping you improve your security posture.

The role of the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) continues to evolve beyond traditional security functions. Today’s CISO is a strategic business partner, balancing risk management with innovation enablement. From AI integration to shifting regulatory landscapes and sophisticated threat actors, the security ecosystem is more complex than ever.

In this article, Carbyne’s CISO, Paresh Patel, shares his perspective on current trends, compliance priorities, and strategic insights that every CISO should have on their radar this year.

Top security trends for CISOs to watch

AI is a challenge and a tool in cybersecurity, changing how leaders protect their systems. With more focus on identity-based security and higher accountability at the top, leaders need to adapt quickly, stay strong, and build trust. This highlights the need for proactive strategies and new technologies to keep up with the constantly shifting landscape.

AI: Friend and foe

AI is no longer a future concern; it’s a current reality. Depending on who is using it, AI can be an asset or a threat. Threat actors use generative AI to craft convincing phishing campaigns, automate vulnerability discoveries, and scale social engineering. This poses new challenges to organizations that need to stay two steps ahead.

At the same time, defensive AI is maturing. Behavior-based threat detection, autonomous response systems, and advanced anomaly detection are transforming how security teams operate, providing new ways to monitor and respond to threats.

The rise of identity-first security

As remote work and cloud services continue to expand, identity has effectively replaced traditional network perimeters as the frontline of cybersecurity. With compromised credentials responsible for more than half of data breaches, cybercriminals increasingly use sophisticated methods to exploit identity vulnerabilities.

These developments require CISOs to implement vigilant defenses and advanced strategies to protect against evolving threats and instill confidence in clients, partners, board members, and other key stakeholders.

Board-level accountability and cyber resilience

Following major incidents in 2023 and 2024, and in addition to increased regulatory scrutiny, boards are more cyber-aware than ever— and demand answers on how CISOs will keep organizations secure.

Cyber resilience, not just cybersecurity, is the new boardroom metric. CISOs need to come to the table with accountability and proactive planning to get buy-in and earn trust from board members. For example, CISOs need to communicate their security plans and know how fast their business can recover from a cyber event and what the short-term and long-term business impact could be.

Compliance and regulatory priorities for CISOs

Organizations face growing pressures to meet complex compliance requirements and protect data. From regional data sovereignty laws to SEC cybersecurity disclosure rules and emerging regulations like the EU AI Act, businesses must tackle evolving accountability and risk management standards. These shifts emphasize the need for proactive governance and a firm grasp of regulatory frameworks across jurisdictions.

Global data sovereignty and localization

As countries continue to tighten data protection laws, CISOs must navigate a patchwork of regulations that impact where and how their organizations store and process data. The EU’s NIS2 Directive, China’s PIPL, and India’s DPDP Act are just a few examples of regional frameworks shaping compliance strategies.

SEC cyber disclosure requirements

In the U.S., the SEC now requires public companies to disclose material cybersecurity incidents and outline governance practices around cyber risk. These mandates emphasize the need for strong incident detection, reporting mechanisms, and board engagement.

AI and emerging regulations

The EU AI Act, expected to go into effect soon, will classify AI systems based on risk and require transparency, accountability, and oversight. Even companies outside the EU may be impacted if they serve European customers.

Mitigating risk while embracing AI

AI holds massive potential to streamline operations, improve customer experience, and enhance decision-making. But without guardrails, it introduces significant risks, including data leakage, model bias, and shadow AI initiatives operating outside IT’s control.

Here’s how to adopt a secure and responsible AI approach:

Establish an AI governance framework

Create a cross-functional AI governance board that includes representatives from security, data science, legal, and compliance. This group should be responsible for reviewing high-risk AI applications, monitoring for drift or abuse, and enforcing ethical standards.

Secure AI development and deployment

If your organization is building AI models, apply the same level of security scrutiny as you would for software development. Threat modeling, secure coding practices, and continuous monitoring must be part of the pipeline.

Educate and empower your workforce

Security awareness programs should now include AI-specific modules covering risks like deepfakes, synthetic phishing, and prompt engineering attacks. At the same time, encourage innovation by providing secure AI tools and platforms.

The CISO is not just the guardian of data and infrastructure but a business enabler, digital ethicist, and risk translator. As AI transforms industries and regulatory pressures mount, security leaders must adopt a proactive, adaptable mindset.

Your security strategy should address today’s threats and empower your organization to explore tomorrow’s opportunities securely, responsibly, and resiliently.

About Paresh Patel

Paresh Patel is a seasoned cybersecurity and technology executive with over 20 years of progressive experience in leading security services, managing complex IT projects, and building global compliance programs. As CISO and CIO at Carbyne, he drives enterprise-wide information security and regulatory strategies to safeguard next-generation emergency communications.

With deep expertise in cybersecurity architecture, risk assessment, policy and procedure development, and security training, Paresh has shaped security postures across various industries. He is highly proficient in navigating complex regulatory landscapes, including ISO 27001/27701, NIST, SOC, HIPAA, PCI-DSS, FedRAMP, IRAP, HITRUST, FFIEC, CJIS, and GDPR.

Paresh’s work spans the development of secure frameworks, business continuity planning, and disaster recovery, alongside information systems management. He is known for his solutions-oriented approach, strong leadership, and ability to cultivate lasting partnerships while aligning security strategy with business innovation.

About Carbyne

Carbyne (Headquartered in New York, NY) is a leading global provider of cloud-native, mission-critical contact center solutions. Carbyne is one of the largest rich-data providers for emergency response centers, delivering over 250M data points annually in a unified platform. Our technologies enable emergency contact centers and select enterprises to connect with callers as well as connected devices via highly secure communication channels without needing to download a consumer app. With a mission to redefine emergency collaboration and connect the dots between people, enterprises, and governments, Carbyne provides a unified cloud-native solution that provides live, actionable data that can lead to more efficient and transparent operations and ultimately improve the entire dispatch function. With Carbyne, every person counts. Learn more at carbyne.com.

PANAMA CITY– April 7, 2025 – A-LIGN, the leading provider in cybersecurity compliance, is excited to announce the expansion of its Panama office, located in the renowned neighborhood of Costa Del Este. This development reflects A-LIGN’s rapid growth, commitment to the region, and continued investment in its people. 

The expanded office features 370 square meters of modern workspace and enhanced accommodations for A-LIGN’s growing team. With state-of-the-art facilities and a stunning ocean view, the new layout includes specialty and common areas designed to foster collaboration and innovation. 

“This expansion marks a significant milestone in our continued growth and commitment to creating a workplace that enables teams to connect, collaborate and thrive,” said Jelena Brown, Chief Human Resources Officer. “We’re excited to provide a space that not only supports operational needs but also mirrors the company’s employee-focused culture.” 

The expansion coincides with growth on the Panama team, with 11 new campus hires joining the team today. The group’s headcount now sits at 71 employees, a dramatic increase from when the office opened in 2021 with 12 team members. The new office space will also support A-LIGN’s growing number of clients in Latin America, which has doubled from 2024 to 2025. 

A-LIGN’s Panama office has expanded across all teams at A-LIGN. The team originally supported Service Delivery’s SOC practice. Now, in addition to supporting multiple Service Delivery practices, the Panama office plays a vital role in supporting Operations, IT and Enginering. The team will continue to grow and invest in its people in 2025. To learn more, visit a-lign.com/careers. 

For more information about A-LIGN, visit www.a-lign.com. 

About A-LIGN    

A-LIGN is the leading provider of high-quality, efficient cybersecurity compliance programs. Combining experienced auditors and audit management technology, A-LIGN provides the widest breadth and depth of services including SOC 2, ISO 27001, HITRUST, FedRAMP, and PCI. A-LIGN is the number one issuer of SOC 2 and a leading HITRUST and FedRAMP assessor. To learn more, visit a-lign.com.    

Combining a penetration test with a SOC 2 audit is a powerful approach to strengthening an organization’s security measures. While a SOC 2 audit evaluates the controls and processes that safeguard customer data, a penetration test takes this evaluation a step further by actively identifying vulnerabilities and simulating real-world attack scenarios. Together, these methods provide a comprehensive view of security, ensuring compliance with the Trust Services Criteria (TSC) and highlighting areas for continuous improvement. Read on to learn about the benefits of this approach.

Comprehensive security assessment

A SOC 2 audit provides a structured evaluation of organizational controls that align with TSC requirements; however, it is limited to a top-down review of documentation and processes. A penetration test, on the other hand, complements this by simulating real-world cyberattacks. This hands-on approach identifies vulnerabilities and weaknesses that may not be apparent through standard audit procedures.

Penetration testing offers organizations a deeper understanding of where their security measures stand by uncovering gaps in safeguards like access controls, firewalls, or endpoint protection systems. For example, a misconfigured server might evade detection during a traditional SOC 2 review but could be identified during a penetration test. This dynamic assessment provides actionable insights, empowering organizations to address potential security risks before malicious actors exploit them.

Validation of security controls

Security controls are only as effective as their ability to withstand real-world threats. A penetration test provides a robust way to validate these controls by simulating attack scenarios against your organization’s systems. This active evaluation demonstrates how well your security measures perform under stress, offering tangible evidence of their effectiveness.

For instance, a penetration test might focus on evaluating how secure your network is against unauthorized access. If vulnerabilities are found during this test, it highlights areas where security controls need to be strengthened. Validation of controls also reassures customers, stakeholders, and partners that your organization is committed to protecting sensitive data and maintaining the highest security standards.

Additionally, this validation process ensures compliance with SOC 2’s TSC, reinforcing that your controls are not just well-documented but also operationally effective against potential security breaches.

Risk mitigation

Every organization faces the risk of cyberattacks and data breaches, but proactive measures like penetration testing can significantly reduce these risks. Unlike audits, which assess an organization’s adherence to established standards, penetration tests uncover specific vulnerabilities and allow organizations to prioritize risk remediation based on the likelihood and severity of potential exploits.

For example, a penetration test might reveal that a web application is vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. Identifying this issue early enables your organization to correct it, thereby preventing an attacker from exploiting it to access sensitive data. Similarly, if a test uncovers inadequate encryption settings, immediate adjustments can be made to neutralize the threat.

By addressing these vulnerabilities, organizations can reduce the likelihood of costly incidents that could disrupt operations, damage customer trust, or lead to regulatory penalties. Risk mitigation through penetration testing also demonstrates a forward-thinking approach to security, showcasing your organization’s commitment to staying ahead of cyber threats.

Compliance with Trust Services Criteria (TSC)

Several of SOC 2’s Trust Services Criteria align closely with outcomes that can be achieved through penetration testing. Performing a penetration test helps organizations meet these criteria by providing real-world evidence of their security measures. Here’s how it aligns with specific TSC components:

• Security: Penetration tests assess critical areas such as access controls, network protections, and defenses against malware, addressing the fundamental security pillar of SOC 2.
• Availability: By evaluating the resilience and availability of systems, penetration tests identify potential weaknesses that could lead to downtime or service disruptions.
• Confidentiality: Tests scrutinize data protection mechanisms, identifying vulnerabilities that could compromise the confidentiality of sensitive information.
• Processing Integrity: Penetration tests uncover issues that could impact the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of data processing, ensuring operational integrity.
• Privacy: The assessments also reinforce privacy controls, ensuring personal information is protected from unauthorized access or exposure.

Achieving compliance with these criteria not only fulfills audit requirements but also signals to customers and stakeholders that your organization is committed to safeguarding data and delivering quality services.

Driving continuous improvement

Penetration testing is not a one-time activity—it plays a pivotal role in fostering a culture of continuous improvement within your organization. The insights gleaned from penetration testing reports go beyond identifying vulnerabilities; they also inform longer-term strategies for enhancing your security posture.

For instance, a recurring penetration test might show patterns in vulnerabilities, such as repeated weaknesses in web-facing applications. This information allows your organization to implement targeted training for developers or adjust coding best practices to prevent similar issues in the future. Penetration tests also encourage organizations to stay updated on evolving threats, ensuring security measures remain relevant in the face of changing cyber risks.

By making penetration testing a regular part of your security strategy, your organization can proactively adapt to new challenges, maintain compliance, and continuously build trust with customers and partners.

The performance-driven advantage

The integration of penetration testing with SOC 2 audits offers a performance-driven approach to enterprise security. It ensures that your controls are not just compliant on paper but effective against real-world threats. Whether it’s strengthening defenses, mitigating risk, or meeting regulatory expectations, this combination empowers organizations to optimize their security strategies and protect their most valuable assets.

If your organization is considering a SOC 2 audit, incorporating penetration testing into the process is no longer optional—it is a necessity. Together, these tools provide a comprehensive assessment of your organization’s security measures, helping you stay ahead of threats, achieve compliance, and continuously improve. Contact A-LIGN today to get started.

Organizations understand the importance of having a strong security posture. From meeting various compliance and industry regulations to maintaining customer trust, organizations cannot risk overlooking any weak spots in their network. Yet many organizations often leverage a single security assessment and consider their due diligence complete. This approach, however, only tells part of the story. To create a truly strong security posture, organizations should explore both a vulnerability scan and a penetration test and see how they can complement one another. 

What is a vulnerability scan? 

A vulnerability scan checks an organization’s network and systems for any known vulnerabilities against a database of vulnerability information. At the completion of the scan, the organization obtains a report that outlines their risk exposure. 

What is a penetration test? 

A penetration test (also referred to as a “pen test”) takes a preventative approach to security. A pen test is a more intentional and manual exercise designed with the goal of “penetrating” an organization’s network and systems to gain access to data. Basically, it’s a simulation that leverages a variety of tools and tactics to map out vulnerabilities. 

Better together: Combining a vulnerability scan and penetration test 

When a vulnerability scan is paired with a pen test, it can provide organizations with deeper insights into where and how to enhance their security posture. A penetration test may not list or confirm every vulnerability in the environment, but a vulnerability scan will scan all systems looking for signatures that match known vulnerabilities that may (or may not) be able to be penetrated. This approach enables an organization to enhance its security posture with a more complete picture of the threat surface. 

Ready to schedule your vulnerability scan and pen test? 

Pen tests are an important part of any risk management strategy. Now that work-from-anywhere culture is here to stay, there’s no better time to schedule a pen test to ensure your organization is protected against the latest threats. 

At A-LIGN, our OSEE, OSCE, and OSCP-certified pen testers emulate the techniques of actual attackers by creating scenarios and strategies unique to your organization in an attempt to breach your networks and applications, with the ultimate goal of helping you improve your security posture. Reach out now to get started on your compliance journey.